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Author Topic: 科学家给物种起名也太随便了吧  (Read 1059 times)

MarkFengZhi

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on: February 13, 2019, 12:09:08 AM
科学家给物种起名也太随便了吧

果壳©





                   

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果壳(ID:Guokr42)


,作者:   Ent,编辑: 东风


第61届格莱美奖揭晓,Lady Gaga 获得最佳流行歌手,专辑《Shallow》获得最佳影视歌曲、最佳流行对唱/组合三项大奖,成为本届最大赢家。

Gaga在流行乐坛的地位大家有目共睹,但你可能不知道,Lady Gaga 也是众多格莱美获奖歌手中唯一一个拥有以自己的名字命名的属名的人。





图 | 推特@PopSci 


杜克大学研究生李飞苇
(Fay-Wei Li )
曾于2012年发布了一个分布在美洲的蕨类植物新属,定属名为Gaga。这个属包含19个物种。即" Fay-Wei Li et al. 2012. Gaga, A New Fern Genus Segregated From Cheilanthes
(Pteridaceae)
. Systematic Botany, 37: 845-860"





李飞苇同学在杜克校园新闻网DukeToday上的照片


为什么这样命名呢?看图说话↓





左图是雷帝嘎嘎2010年格莱美奖时的服装。右边是这种蕨的配子体。连衣服颜色都是淡绿色。


嗯,还有,在它的基因序列里发现了大量GAGA的序列,和其它蕨类差异明显。
(这不科学……)


当然,官方的说法是“为了纪念Lady Gaga不遗余力地捍卫平等和个人表达自由”。这是杜克植物标本馆馆长Kathleen Pryer的话。

这个属有17个物种是之前已经发现、现在重新归属的;还有两个物种是全新的发现。Gaga germanotta 是纪念Gaga的家人,她的本姓是Germanotta; Gaga monstraparva则是纪念Gaga的粉丝,monstraparva是"little monster"之意,这是Gaga称呼她的粉丝用的词。

连Gaga的粉丝都能有物种纪念,我酸了……





现任美国总统特朗普也有以自己名字命名的物种——
Dermophis donaldtrumpi,
一种没有脚的两栖动物。
拍到命名权的建筑公司表示希望借此次的命名来提高人们对气候变化的认识,而特朗普也在制定一系列与气候息息相关的政策。




当然,物种里的名人倒是不少,但是能用属命名的还真不多。

比如,2012年澳大利亚科学家将一种罕见的牛虻
(horse fly)
命名为“碧昂丝”,向这位美国流行音乐天后致敬。




为什么是碧昂丝 Scaptia
 (Plinthina)
 beyonceae 呢?因为“这种虻不仅‘身材’曼妙,而且下腹部密布美丽的金黄色细毛,研究人员雷萨德形容,它是‘苍蝇界古往今来第一天后’。”

除了以上这俩之外,我们还有
奥巴马地衣 Caloplaca obamae

(命名人是加州大学河畔分校的Kerry Knudsen,“向总统对科学和科学教育的支持致敬”)






布什/切尼/拉姆斯菲尔德甲虫

Agathidium bushi
,
Agathidium cheneyi
,
Agathidium rumsfeldi
 ,三个同属的物种。




这是恭维吗?见仁见智吧,因为该属还有一个物种是
 Agathidium vaderi






扣扣虫


我们敬爱的扣扣熊Stephen Colbert在他的节目上恳求科学家们以自己的名字命名物种,而科学家们没有让他失望。事实上他们做了两次:一次是蜘蛛
Aptostichus stephencolberti
 ;一次是甲虫 
Agaporomorphus colberti 






扎帕蜘蛛。
弗兰克·扎帕是美国著名创作歌手,他的一个科学家粉丝为了能和他见面,以他的名字命名了一种水母
Phialella zappai
,结果效果拔群。于是科学家们再接再厉弄出了
Pachygnatha zappa
 蜘蛛和 
Zappa
 属的鱼,不过这些的效果就不知道了。








凯蒂温丝莱特甲虫。
她是《泰坦尼克号》的女主, 不过Agra katewinsletae 倒是个不错的名字,因为这种甲虫也不会游泳
(咦)
。不管怎么说她俩都挺漂亮的。还有她是姓和名都进入了种加词,成就达成。





海夫纳沼泽兔。
Hugh Hefner 这个名字可能很多人不熟悉,但是他做的事情大家都知道——创办了《花花公子》。所以弄只兔子 Sylvilagus palustris hefneri 来命名再合适不过了。但是这个兔子耳朵好像不是很长啊……?另外他比较悲催,是作为亚种出现的。








嘉宝黄蜂 Rostropria garbo。
这种独居的黄蜂让科学家们想起了性格孤僻终身未婚的葛丽泰·嘉宝,她在电影Grand Hotel里面的一句话至今让大家难以忘怀:"I want to be alone, I just want to be alone."




双名法的老祖宗林奈就干过这样一件事:有个叫Sigesebeck的植物学家总是吐槽林奈的植物分类系统,林大爷一怒之下就用他的名字命名了一个黏糊糊、有异味、爱粘在人身上的菊科植物类群,豨莶属 Sigesbeckia。





腺梗豨莶 Sigesbeckia pubescens,中国南方常见杂草,身上布满腺毛还很臭



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果壳(ID:Guokr42)


,作者:   Ent,编辑: 东风

                                           
                                                   

                           

                               
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