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Author Topic: Abass Alavi 的工作  (Read 29 times)

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on: January 16, 2024, 02:53:00 AM
Abass Alavi 的工作

Alavi 在 David Kuhl 博士的指导下开始从事断层扫描成像工作。他和宾夕法尼亚大学的同事是利用单伽马射线放射性核素(单光子发射计算机断层扫描/SPECT)进行现代断层扫描成像的先驱。1973 年,他与同事 Kuhl 博士和 Martin Reivich 博士一起,成为首批提出用正电子发射氟化物 (F-18) 标记脱氧葡萄糖的科学家,从而开发了 FDG。1976 年 8 月,Alavi 成为首位将 FDG 注入人体并获取大脑和全身断层扫描图像的人。他还是第一批利用碘-123 诊断甲状腺癌、利用 MIBG 评估嗜铬细胞瘤、利用放射性标记白细胞评估感染、利用 99mTc 检测胃肠道出血以及许多其他发现的人之一。

Alavi 的整个职业生涯都与宾夕法尼亚大学有关,从 1971 年至 1973 年的核医学研究开始。他于 1982 年晋升为放射学教授,并于 1979 年至 2006 年担任核医学科主任。从那时起,他一直担任放射学系的研究教育主任。

自 FDG 诞生以来,Alavi 就利用它进行了大量研究。此外,在 70 年代初推出 CT 和 80 年代初推出 MRI 后不久,Alavi 就进行了将 PET 与这些成像方式相结合的研究。他是现代成像技术以及 PET 成像临床应用方面的专家,PET 成像可用于检测癌症和其他疾病,包括痴呆症、癫痫、心血管疾病和感染。

Alavi 曾担任 NIH 和美国癌症协会科学研究部门的成员和主席。他培训并指导了无数学生掌握现代成像技术,他的许多前学生和研究员现在在世界各地的医学成像领域担任领导职务。

1971-1973:费城宾夕法尼亚大学医院核医学研究员

1973-1974:宾夕法尼亚大学医学院放射学系放射学讲师

1974-1977:宾夕法尼亚大学医学院放射学系放射学助理教授

1977-1982:宾夕法尼亚大学放射学系放射学副教授宾夕法尼亚医学院
1979-2006:宾夕法尼亚大学医院核医学科主任
1979-1991:宾夕法尼亚大学正电子发射断层扫描中心联合主任
1991-2006:宾夕法尼亚大学正电子发射断层扫描中心医学主任
1982-至今:宾夕法尼亚大学医学院放射学系放射学教授
1984-至今:宾夕法尼亚大学衰老研究中心副主任
2006-至今:宾夕法尼亚大学放射学系研究教育主任

正电子发射断层扫描 (PET) 是一种医学成像技术,可产生体内分子过程的三维图像。该系统可检测放射性核素(示踪剂)发射的正电子湮灭后发射的伽马射线对,这些正电子用于标记生物活性分子。

正电子成像被广泛采用的最重要因素之一是放射性药物的开发。特别是,布鲁克海文国家实验室的科学家和宾夕法尼亚大学的研究人员合作开发了标记的 2-氟脱氧葡萄糖 (18F) (2FDG),这是扩大 PET 成像范围的主要因素。1976 年 8 月,Alavi 在宾夕法尼亚大学首次将这种化合物施用于两名正常人类志愿者。

1999 年,经过数十年的研究,证明了 PET 的独特和多功能实用性及其提供的功能数据,该模式获得了医疗保险和医疗补助服务中心 (CMS) 的报销批准,并迅速成为评估多种疾病(尤其是癌症)的基石。

现在已经确定,如果没有将 FDG 引入医学,PET 分子成像领域将仅限于主要研究机构,从而阻碍其目前广泛的临床应用。此外,FDG 还推动了对许多具有重要生物学意义的化合物的研究和药物开发。



 

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