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Author Topic: “美人碟”(雷达罩)在人像摄影中的 5 种用法  (Read 928 times)

ZhangAlix

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“美人碟”(雷达罩)在人像摄影中的 5 种用法

2019-07-09
      雷达罩是一类专业人像摄影中常用到的辅助器材,它有个很有趣的绰号:“美人碟”。这固然是它英文名的直译,但某种程度上说这也是它具体功能的反映。
这种柔光工具能够帮助产生一种反差较大却又不会对比过度的光线,并且模特脸部高光部分的细节也能够得到很好的还原,常被用于时尚人像摄影中。

大多数雷达罩都是金属材质,主体为一个大型的碟状金属罩,内部还有一个小型的圆盘,它可以将光线反射到雷达罩的主体部分,然后再投射到模特身上。这样一来光线就不会直射到模特,而且雷达罩还能创造出美妙的眼神光。
此外,为雷达罩安装上额外的蜂窝状格栅能够帮助更好的将光线集中到拍摄主体上,并控制光线范围;你还可以通过加装柔光罩(或用其它白色透明的物体,如白布来替代)来使光线变得更柔和。

值得一提的是,雷达罩只适合拍摄皮肤很好(或进行精细化妆)的模特,因为它会突出模特的脸部,并且还会强化皮肤的褶皱与瑕疵。
雷达罩通常搭配 85-200mm 的中长焦镜头使用,可能还需要准备一些灯架、吊臂,以便把雷达罩放在正确的位置。此外,你可能还需要一些额外的光源来创造轮廓光、发际光或背景光。

以上是关于雷达罩的一些基本介绍,接下来就要进入今天的正题:雷达罩在人像摄影中的 5 种常见用法。
1. 单灯+反光板
这是雷达罩最经典的设置方式。把雷达罩放在受试者脸部正上方,中心对准模特的前额,双眼之间。雷达罩应当靠近模特,保持在半米至一米之间,以产生柔和的光线。
在设置灯光时,请确保在眼睛顶部可以看见眼神光;然后在雷达罩下方设置一个反光板,把光反射回到模特的脸上。这样有助于减少下巴阴影,并在眼睛底部增加一个眼神光。
一些摄影师还喜欢在模特两侧设置黑卡,用于在模特的脸部两侧制造一些阴影。

2. 双灯
除了使用另一个闪光灯替代反光板之外,双灯设置与单灯+反光板的设置基本相同。
双灯的优点在于可以控制下方补光灯的功率输出。不少摄影师喜欢在下方使用长条形柔光箱(strip box),使用比主灯低 1 至 2 挡的输出功率。

3. 添加扩散板
雷达罩的扩散板和柔光罩作用类似,它看起来像个浴帽;你也可以用白布之类的轻薄、透明材质物体来凑合着用一下。
扩散板可以柔化光线,减少光线在皮肤上反射形成高光斑点的概率;同时,它还会形成奶油般的外观,使皮肤纹理减少。

4. 添加网格
雷达罩的网格可以使光线更 “聚焦”,控制光线范围,可以更便于创造一些特殊效果(如黑背景等)。
在装载网格时需要注意方向,否则光线可能会被网格遮挡。要排查这个问题也很简单,可以让模特判断是否能通过网格看到光源,能看到即说明设置无误。

5. 户外使用
雷达罩其实是很适合户外使用,它不像柔光箱的光线那么 “散”,而在光线质量方面又比柔光伞更柔和。它可以用在主灯或补光灯上。
在具体用法方面,它和普通的柔光箱没太多区别:可以放在正面 45° 位置上,同时,如果在日出/日落环境下,可能需要在雷达罩表面添加橙色滤色片,让闪光灯光线和环境光 “和谐相处”。

(来源:实用摄影技巧)

Source: “美人碟”(雷达罩)在人像摄影中的 5 种用法



 

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