中国游客在澳大利亚：中产新富和文化鸿沟

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中国游客在澳大利亚：中产新富和文化鸿沟

VICKY XIUZHONG XU2019-02-15 17:23:37上个月，一队中国旅行团为了在海港大桥和悉尼歌剧院前自拍，跑了七个地方。
CANBERRA, Australia — The Chinese tourists found Parliament House, one of Australia’s most enduring national symbols, well . . . underwhelming.澳大利亚堪培拉——中国游客发现，国会大厦这座澳大利亚经久不衰的国家标志之一，嗯......并没有那么惊艳。“County-level governments in China have fancier buildings. Am I right?” said Jimmy Zhao, a Shanghai-born tour guide, who last month led a group of 55 tourists mostly from China, but also Malaysia and Singapore, on a four-day bus tour of Australia’s East Coast.“中国的县政府大楼都更高级。对不对？”上海出生的导游吉米·赵(Jimmy Zhao)说，上个月他带领一个有55名游客的旅行团在澳大利亚东海岸进行了为期四天的巴士之旅，游客大部分来自中国，但也有马来西亚和新加坡人。The group giggled and agreed with Mr. Zhao’s assessment, but they were also impressed that, unlike in China, anyone could walk into the heart of Australia’s government. When Mr. Zhao, 53, pointed out a bathroom used by a former prime minister, one tourist sprinted off to experience the V.I.P. urinal.团员们咯咯笑着同意赵导游的评价，但是，与中国不同，任何人都可以走进这座澳大利亚政府的心脏，这一点也令他们印象深刻。53岁的赵导游指出一个卫生间曾被前总理使用过，一名游客飞奔而去，体验这个VIP级别的小便池。“Today we are all senators!” shouted another Chinese visitor.“今天我们都是参议员！“另一名中国游客喊道。Tensions between Australia and China are at an all-time high — spurred, in part, by accusations of Chinese meddling in Australian politics — but the rate of Chinese tourists visiting Australia is surging. The country hosted 1.3 million Chinese tourists in the year ending September 2018, more than the population of Australia’s fifth-biggest city, Adelaide.澳大利亚和中国之间的紧张局势达到了历史最高水平——部分是由中国干涉澳大利亚政治的指责引起——但中国游客访问澳大利亚的比率正在飙升。截至2018年9月，该国接待了130万中国游客，这超过了澳大利亚第五大城市阿德莱德的人口。
旅行团在悉尼的唐人街吃晚餐。在其他地方，一些游客抱怨西方食物不好吃，而且不提供热水。
And they spent a lot of money. Chinese visitors pumped 11.5 billion Australian dollars, or $8.1 billion, into the economy in the same period, accounting for more than a quarter of spending by international visitors, according to government statistics.他们还花了很多钱。根据政府统计数据，中国游客在同期内为该国经济注入了115亿澳元，约合81亿美元，占国际游客消费的四分之一以上。Australians are greeting the travelers with signs, menus and brochures translated into Chinese — but also a degree of confusion, skepticism and sometimes racism.澳大利亚人正在迎接这些旅行者，将告示、菜单和旅行指南翻译成中文——但他们也心怀一定程度的困惑、怀疑，有时还会有种族歧视。We spent four days traveling with a group of tourists, and spoke to others along the way. Many of the visitors had connections to Australia, including relatives who had moved there for work or school. Others were here for the clean air, warm weather and  Earnings-price ratiolife or to tick off seeing the Sydney Opera House from their bucket list. (The group visited seven different locations to snap photos of the Opera House and nearby Harbour Bridge.)我们和一群游客一起旅行了四天，并在途中与其他人交谈。许多游客与澳大利亚有某种联系，比如有亲戚移居这里工作或上学。其他人则为了清新的空气、温暖的天气和野生动物而来，或是为了打卡愿望清单中“看悉尼歌剧院”这一项。（为了拍摄歌剧院和附近海港大桥的照片，这个旅行团跑了七个不同的地点。）Ten years ago, mainland tourists were either very rich or government officials, said Mr. Zhao, the tour guide.赵导游说，10年以前，大陆游客要不就是有钱人，要不就是政府官员。Nowadays, visitors reflect China’s nascent middle class. Many of the visitors — newly rich but bound by tradition — are recent retirees, who sometimes find it difficult to accept a foreign country’s cultural mores.如今，游客反映了中国新生的中产阶级。许多游客是刚刚退休的人，他们前不久才富裕起来，但仍受传统约束，有时候很难接受外国的文化习俗。
在参观议会时，旅行团导游吉米·赵（中）两度被要求说话小声点。
Each stop on the tour gave the Chinese a chance to try new foods and interact with local people. But some stops were fraught with cultural misunderstandings.旅程的每一站都让中国人有机会尝试新食物并与当地人互动。但有些站点则充满了文化上的误解。At Parliament House in Canberra, where the trip began, the cultural divide was especially visible.堪培拉国会大厦是旅程的第一站，在这里，文化鸿沟尤其明显。Mr. Zhao tried to deliver a lengthy talk about politics as the visitors sat in the gallery of the House of Representatives. Around him, children ran around screaming, while women in large, colorful hats appeared interested mostly in taking countless selfies.游客在众议院的楼座坐下后，赵导游试图就政治展开长篇大论。在他周围，小孩们边跑边叫，而戴着五颜六色大帽子的女性似乎只对没完没了的自拍感兴趣。Twice during Mr. Zhao’s speech, a Parliament security guard asked him and the group to keep their voices down. Twice they ignored him. Later they wondered if the guard would have similarly reprimanded a group of Western tourists.在赵导游讲话过程中，一名议会安全警卫两度要求他和旅行团压低嗓门。他们都不予理会。后来，他们琢磨着警卫会不会同样去训斥一群西方游客。“Big Uncle Xi was invited here to give a speech four years ago,” Mr. Zhao said, using a nickname for President Xi Jinping of China. “That was historic and proved that China is now more developed and valued.”“习大大四年前受邀来这里演讲，”赵导游说，他用了中国主席习近平的昵称。“这是历史性的，证明中国现在更发达、更受重视了。”
在其中一站，游客们观看剪羊毛表演，展示配有普通话翻译。
At other times, cultural differences also created difficulties when it came to eating — or more precisely, drinking.另一些时候，文化差异也会在饮食方面带来麻烦，或者确切地说是饮水。Chinese regularly drink hot water. But Australians, particularly at the height of summer, prefer it iced.中国人一般爱喝热水。但澳大利亚人更喜欢冰水，特别是在盛夏时节。In the Gold Coast, a 77-year-old grandmother said she had not taken her medication all day because she could not find warm water. Another woman complained that a cafe would not give her hot water with which she could cook her own instant noodles.在黄金海岸，一位77岁的老奶奶说，她一整天都没吃药，因为找不到热水。另一位女性抱怨称，咖啡馆不给她提供热水泡面。“I can’t stand Western food, so I brought my own,” she griped. “Why can’t you just give me some water?”“我受不了西方食物，所以自己带了吃的，”她发牢骚道。“为什么就是不能给我些热水呢？”Elsewhere, Australians were more accommodating. At a sheepshearing show at Paradise Country, a farm-themed park in the northeastern state of Queensland, a Mandarin interpreter sat with the visitors and translated a series of heavily accented Australian farm jokes.在其他地方，澳大利亚人则更随和。在昆士兰州西北部农场主题公园天堂农庄(Paradise Country)的剪羊毛秀中，普通话译员坐在游客一旁，翻译了一连串带着浓重口音的澳大利亚农场笑话。
游客们对澳大利亚洁净的水和空气印象深刻，这在中国大城市难得一见。
In another part of the park, a Mandarin-speaking photographer took pictures of tourists cuddling a koala bear.在公园另一处，一位讲普通话的摄影师拍了游客抱着考拉的照片。But the group was also confronted by Australians who did not want them there, or who wanted to use the group’s distance from Chinese government censors to deliver a barbed political message.但旅行团也遭遇了不欢迎他们的澳大利亚人，或者那些人是想借着旅行团远离中国政府审查的机会，传递讽刺性的政治信息。At one point during the trip, a Newbie trader white man was spotted wearing a T-shirt that read, in black Chinese characters, “I hate Chinese people,” though it was unclear if the man even knew what his shirt said.在旅行途中，人们发现一位年轻白人男子穿着的T恤上用黑色汉字写着“我恨中国人”，虽然不清楚此人是否知道那是什么意思。Outside several tourist attractions, the group encountered members of Falun Gong, a religious practice outlawed in China. The movement’s members intentionally staked out areas they knew would be visited by Chinese tourists and said they were there to tell “the truth about the Communist Party.”在几处旅游景点外，旅行团遇到了法轮功成员，这一宗教习俗在中国被宣布为非法。该运动的成员刻意出现在他们知道中国游客会到访的区域，称他们在那里是为了讲出“共产党的真相”。“None of us wish to speak to them,” said Runjuan Lu, 54. “We have a good life now. We have our pension. Without the Communist Party, we won’t have this life.”“我们大家都不想跟他们说话，”54岁的卢润娟（音）说。“我们现在生活好了。我们有退休金。没有共产党，我们过不上这样的生活。”欢迎在Twitter上关注本文作者Vicky Xiuzhong Xu @xu_xiuzhong.翻译：Shuhua、晋其角点击查看本文英文版。

Source: 中国游客在澳大利亚：中产新富和文化鸿沟