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Author Topic: 股票交易作为一种职业/事业 Stock  (Read 237 times)

经票

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on: January 18, 2024, 06:04:46 AM
股票交易作为一种职业/事业

股票交易员可以为股东提供建议并帮助管理投资组合。交易员从事债券、股票、期货和对冲基金股份的买卖。股票交易员还对金融市场的表现进行广泛的研究和观察。这是通过经济和微观经济研究来实现的;因此,更高级的股票交易员将深入研究宏观经济学和行业特定的技术分析,以跟踪资产或公司业绩。股票交易员的其他职责包括将财务分析与其职业的当前和未来监管进行比较。

在金融公司工作的专业股票交易员需要完成长达四个月的实习,然后才能在其职业领域站稳脚跟。例如,在美国,实习之后要参加并通过金融业监管局管理的 63 或 65 系列考试。通过考试的股票交易员表明熟悉美国证券交易委员会 (SEC) 合规实践和法规。有经验的股票交易员通常在获得执照后获得金融、会计或经济学领域的四年制学位。交易员的主管职位通常需要 MBA 学位,以便进行高级股票市场分析。

美国劳工统计局 (BLS) 报告称,预计 2006 年至 2016 年期间股票和大宗商品交易员的增长率将超过 21%。在此期间,股票交易员将受益于婴儿潮一代的养老金和他们对社会保障的依赖减少所推动的趋势。美国国债的交易也将更加波动。刚进入该领域的股票交易员会受到影响,因为几乎没有入门级职位。虽然进入这个职业领域的竞争非常激烈,但股票和共同基金所有权的增加推动了交易员的职业大幅增长。银行也为中等收入人群提供了更多投资和投机股票的机会。BLS 报告称,股票交易员的平均年收入为 68,500 美元。经验丰富的股票和共同基金交易员每年的收入可能超过 145,600 美元。

与股票经纪人(安排买方和卖方之间的交易并从每笔交易中获得保证佣金的专业人士)相反,专业交易员的学习曲线可能很陡峭,其极具竞争力的基于业绩的职业生涯可能会被缩短,尤其是在普遍的股市崩盘期间。股市交易操作具有相当高的风险、不确定性和复杂性,尤其是对于那些寻求快速赚钱的不明智和缺乏经验的股票交易员/投资者而言。此外,交易活动并非免费。股票投机者/投资者面临多种成本,例如佣金、税款和经纪费以及其他服务费用,例如通过股票经纪人证券交易所下达的买入/卖出订单。根据所涉及的每个国家或州立法的性质,必须遵守大量的财政义务,并且各司法管辖区对属于其范围的交易、股息和资本收益征税。但是,这些财政义务会因司法管辖区而异。除其他原因外,在某些情况下,由于公司必须在各自的管辖范围内遵守不同的法律,税收已经纳入股价;或者免税股票市场运作有助于促进经济增长。例如,在美国,股票收益通常分两个层次征税:长期资本收益(持有至少一年后出售的股票),目前(2024 年)的税率为 20%。短期交易(12 个月内买卖的股票),资本收益按个人普通税率征税(例如 28%、30%、35%)。除了这些成本之外,还有金钱和时间的机会成本、货币风险、金融风险以及互联网、数据和新闻机构服务以及电力消耗费用——所有这些都必须考虑在内。

股市波动会引发焦虑和抑郁等心理健康问题。这符合股市对个人心理健康长期影响的研究。经验丰富的股票交易员和投资者通常具有一定的心理韧性,能够长期应对这些有害因素,否则在职业生涯或依赖股市的金融活动过程中,可能会持续遭受某种心理健康问题的困扰。



 

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