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Author Topic: IMF考虑美联储计划向更多经济体提供美元  (Read 507 times)

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国际货币基金组织(IMF)可能会启动一项新计划,以帮助解决全球美元短缺的情况,为美联储(Fed)保持美元在世界经济中流动的运动提供支持。

国际货币基金组织董事总经理克里斯塔琳娜·基奥尔吉​​娃(Kristalina Georgieva)准备向缺乏足够国债以参加美联储计划的国家提供短期美元贷款,该计划使外国中央银行能够暂时将美国债务兑换成美元。

知情人士说,该计划得到了美国财政部的支持,可能在数周内启动。美国是该基金的最大股东。国际货币基金组织定于下周举行虚拟会议,当时已有90多个国家要求提供援助,以保护其经济免受冠状病毒和全球经济衰退的影响。

“我们的董事会将在接下来的几天中审查有关创建短期流动性限额的提案,该提议专门针对基本面强,宏观经济基本面强,可能会受到短期流动性限制的国家,” Georgieva在周五为记者提供在线简报。

她说:“我们缺乏一种向基本强大但处于紧缩状态的国家提供短期流动性的工具,”她指出,印尼属于敦促国际货币基金组织寻求其他方式以帮助流动性的国家之一。在新兴市场。

国际货币基金组织发言人拒绝置评,而美国财政部发言人未回应置评请求。

美元冲

冠状病毒对全球经济造成严重破坏,促使全球范围内的人们纷纷涌入美元。全球经济严重依赖美元作为其关键,而在压力时期则依赖美元作为避风港。格奥尔基耶娃(Georgieva)周五警告称,世界经济衰退“比全球金融危机严重得多”。

倾向于依靠国际货币基金组织提供援助的新兴市场借款人尤其面临缺乏美元的风险。受到美国低利率的鼓舞,近年来,他们增加了以美元计价的债务。随着出口暴跌,他们现在正面临挤压,全球经济都在关闭以应对这种大流行。

大幅走强的美元还会因紧缩金融状况,使美国的出口在世界市场上变得更加昂贵而伤害美国。乔治·耶娃(Georgieva)一再宣称国际货币基金组织(IMF)准备部署其1万亿美元的贷款能力来对抗最初无法确定为巨大威胁的病毒对全球增长的影响。

美联储的举动

美联储已经恢复或推出了一系列旨在支持国际美元供应的计划。就在上周,它宣布了一项临时贷款,然后可以提供给那些持有美元计价债务的国家的公司。它已经增加了可以从中短期借款的中央银行的数量。

一些分析师和前基金官员此前曾对国际货币基金组织启动传统的“掉期”计划并使国际货币基金组织的资产面临风险表示担忧。 2017年12月,贷方执行委员会成员表示,这种安排将“大大偏离现行的基金原则和政策。”

批评人士说,如果国际货币基金组织提供无条件的无抵押信贷额度,则会冒各国无法偿还贷款的风险。

国际货币基金组织正在探索其他方法来增加其火力。它已经要求20国集团领导人像2009年全球金融危机那样,支持创造大量的储备资产,称为SDR(特别提款权)。



 

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