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Author Topic: Hvað er fremri.  (Read 441 times)

gðil

  • Guest
on: July 21, 2020, 10:10:48 AM
Hvað er fremri.

Gjaldeyrismarkaðurinn (Fremri, Gjaldeyris- eða gjaldeyrismarkaður) er alþjóðlegur valddreifingar- eða gjaldeyrismarkaður fyrir viðskipti með gjaldmiðla. Þessi markaður ákvarðar gjaldeyrisgengi fyrir hvern gjaldmiðil. Það felur í sér alla þætti kaupa, sölu og skiptast á gjaldmiðlum á núverandi eða ákvörðuðu verði. Hvað varðar viðskiptamagn er það langstærsti markaður í heimi, á eftir lánamarkaði.

Helstu þátttakendur á þessum markaði eru stærri alþjóðlegir bankar. Fjármálamiðstöðvar um allan heim virka sem akkeri í viðskiptum milli margs fjölda tegunda kaupenda og seljenda allan sólarhringinn, að helgum undanskildum. Þar sem alltaf er verslað með gjaldmiðla í pörum setur gjaldeyrismarkaðurinn ekki heildarverðmæti gjaldmiðils heldur ákvarðar hlutfallslegt gildi hans með því að setja markaðsverð eins gjaldmiðils ef greitt er fyrir það með öðrum. Td: 1 Bandaríkjadalur er X CAD virði, eða CHF eða JPY osfrv.

Gjaldeyrismarkaðurinn vinnur í gegnum fjármálastofnanir og starfar á nokkrum stigum. Bak við tjöldin snúa bankar að minni fjölda fjármálafyrirtækja sem kallast „sölumenn“, sem taka þátt í miklu magni af gjaldeyrisviðskiptum. Flestir erlendir sölumenn eru bankar, þannig að þessi markaður á bak við tjöldin er stundum kallaður „millibankamarkaður“ (þó fáein tryggingafyrirtæki og annars konar fjármálafyrirtæki eigi í hlut). Viðskipti milli erlendra sölumanna geta verið mjög stór, þar sem hundruð milljóna dollara eru töluverðar. Vegna fullveldismála þegar um er að ræða tvo gjaldmiðla hefur Fremri litla (ef einhverja) eftirlitsaðila sem stjórnar aðgerðum sínum.



 

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