منافسة صينية لإيلون ماسك للهيمنة على الإنترنت عبر الأقمار الصناعية

تتزايد الضغوطات على إيلون ماسك، الذي يسعى للهيمنة على الإنترنت عالي السرعة عبر الأقمار الصناعية، فمنافسة الصينيين تزداد شراسة.

Source: منافسة صينية لإيلون ماسك للهيمنة على الإنترنت عبر الأقمار الصناعية

储量超1.4亿吨，中国首个亿吨级页岩油油田诞生

2025.03.23
            中国首个亿吨级页岩油油田诞生。

界面新闻3月23日获悉，中国石化胜利油田济阳页岩油新兴油田亿吨级探明储量正式通过自然资源部储量评审备案。

这是今年1月自然资源部发布国内首个《页岩层系石油储量估算规范》后，第一批获得认定的页岩层系石油探明地质储量，标志着中国首个亿吨级页岩油油田诞生。页岩油是指以页岩为主的页岩层系中所含的石油资源，属于非常规油气。

新兴油田位于山东省胜利济阳页岩油国家级示范区，此次通过评审备案的页岩层系石油探明地质储量超1.4亿吨，技术可采储量为1135.99万吨。

2022年8月，中国石化“胜利济阳陆相断陷湖盆页岩油国家级示范区”正式揭牌。2024年，胜利济阳页岩油产油50万吨，累产油突破100万吨。

中国石化胜利油田分公司副总经理、总地质师刘惠民介绍称，截至目前，胜利油田济阳页岩油估算资源量达105亿吨，与已落实的常规油气资源量相当。

今后，胜利油田将持续推进勘探开发工程一体化评价部署，力争全年新增探明储量8000万吨、产油70万吨。

国家能源局曾表示，中国页岩油资源丰富，是推动国内原油增产稳产的重要接替领域。全方位加大页岩油上产规模，推动页岩革命，对立足国内、保障国家能源安全意义重大。

2024年，中国页岩油产量突破600万吨，同比增长30%以上。期内，中国石化页岩油年产量为70.5万吨，同比上产30.8万吨。中国石化计划“十五五”末页岩油产量达200万吨。

 

 

 

Source: 储量超1.4亿吨，中国首个亿吨级页岩油油田诞生

特朗普能为乌克兰带来和平？一个字也别信

托马斯·弗里德曼2025年3月19日Ever since President Trump returned to office and began trying to make good on his boast about ending the Ukraine war in days, thanks to his relationship with Russian President Vladimir Putin, I’ve had this gnawing concern that something was lost in translation in the bromance between Vlad and Don.特朗普曾经吹嘘凭着他与俄罗斯总统普京的关系，他可以在几天内结束乌克兰战争，自从他再次上任，并且开始试图兑现这个承诺以来，我就一直担心，弗拉德和唐之间的兄弟情在翻译过程中会有一些闪失。When the interpreter tells Trump that Putin says he’s ready to do anything for “peace” in Ukraine, I’m pretty sure what Putin really said was he’s ready to do anything for a “piece” of Ukraine.当翻译告诉特朗普，普京说他愿意为乌克兰的“和平”(peace)做任何事情时，我敢肯定，普京其实说的是他准备为乌克兰的“一块”(piece)土地做任何事情。You know those homophones — they can really get you in a lot of trouble if you’re not listening carefully. Or if you’re only hearing what you want to hear.你知道那些同音词——如果不仔细听，它们真的会给你带来很多麻烦。或者如果你只听自己想听的。The Times reported that in his two-and-a-half-hour phone call with Trump on Tuesday, Putin agreed to halt strikes on Ukrainian energy infrastructure, according to the Kremlin, but Putin made clear that he would not agree to the general 30-day cease-fire that the United States and Ukraine had agreed upon and proposed to Russia.《纽约时报》报道，克里姆林宫称，在周二与特朗普两个半小时的通话中，普京同意停止对乌克兰能源基础设施的袭击，但他也明确表示不会同意美国和乌克兰商定并向俄罗斯提议的的30天全面停火。The Kremlin also said that Putin’s “key condition” for ending the conflict was a “complete cessation” of foreign military and intelligence assistance to Kyiv — in other words, stripping Ukraine naked of any ability to resist a full Russian takeover of Ukraine. More proof, if anyone needed it, that Putin is not, as Trump foolishly believed, looking for peace with Ukraine; he’s looking to own Ukraine.克里姆林宫还表示，普京结束冲突的“关键条件”是“完全停止”外国对基辅的军事和情报援助——换句话说，就是要剥夺乌克兰抵抗俄罗斯全面占领的能力。更多证据（如果有人还嫌证据不够）表明，普京并不是像特朗普愚蠢地认为的那样，寻求与乌克兰的和平；他想要占领乌克兰。All that said, you will pardon me, but I do not trust a single word that Trump and Putin say about their private conversations on Ukraine — including the words “and” and “the,” as the writer Mary McCarthy famously said about the veracity of her rival Lillian Hellman. Because something has not smelled right from the start with this whole Trump-Putin deal-making on Ukraine.说了这么多，不好意思，关于特朗普和普京说起他们在乌克兰问题上的私人对话内容，我一个字都不相信，如作家玛丽·麦卡锡谈到她的死对头莉莲·赫尔曼的诚信时的那句名言——连词和冠词都不信。因为特朗普和普京在乌克兰问题上的交易从一开始就不太对劲。I just have too many unanswered questions. Let me count the ways.我有太多问题没有答案。让我细数一下。For starters, it took Secretary of State Henry Kissinger over a month of intense shuttle diplomacy to produce the disengagement agreements between Israel and Egypt and Israel and Syria that ended the 1973 war — and all of those parties wanted a deal. Are you telling me that two meetings between Trump’s pal Steve Witkoff and Putin in Moscow and a couple of phone calls between Putin and Trump are enough to end the Russian invasion of Ukraine on reasonable terms for Kyiv?首先，国务卿亨利·基辛格曾经花了一个多月进行紧张的穿梭外交，才促成了以色列和埃及、以色列和叙利亚之间的脱离接触协议，结束了1973年战争——这还是在所有当事方都希望达成协议的情况下。你是在告诉我，只凭着特朗普的朋友史蒂夫·维特科夫和普京在莫斯科的两次会面，以及普京和特朗普之间的几次电话，就足以在对基辅合理的条件下，结束俄罗斯对乌克兰的入侵吗？Trump couldn’t sell a hotel that quickly — unless he was giving it away.特朗普卖一家酒店都不可能这么快——除非是把它送人。Wait, wait — unless he was giving it away. …等一下，等一下——除非是把它送人……Lord, I hope that is not what we’re watching here. Message to President Trump and Vice President JD Vance: If you sell out Ukraine to Putin, you will forever carry a mark of Cain on your foreheads as traitors to a core value that has animated U.S. foreign policy for 250 years — the defense of liberty against tyranny.老天爷啊，我希望我们看到的不是这样。这里是给特朗普总统和副总统万斯的信息：如果你们把乌克兰卖给普京，你们的额头上将永远留下该隐的印记，你们背叛了250年来一直激励着美国外交政策的核心价值观——捍卫自由，反对暴政。Our nation has never so brazenly sold out a country struggling to be free, which we and our allies had been supporting for three years. If Trump and Vance do that, the mark of Cain will never wash off. They will go down in history as “Neville Trump” and “Benedict Vance.” Likewise Secretary of State Marco Rubio, Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth and national security adviser Michael Waltz.我们的国家从未如此厚颜无耻地出卖一个为争取自由而斗争的国家，而我们和我们的盟友三年来一直在支持这个国家。如果特朗普和万斯这么做，他们讲永远无法洗去该隐的印记。他们将以叛徒“内维尔·特朗普”和“本尼迪克特·万斯”之名被载入史册（此处的内维尔指英国前首相内维尔·张伯伦，本尼迪克特指美国独立战争期间变节投靠英国的本尼迪克特·阿诺德——译注）。国务卿马可·鲁比奥、国防部长皮特·海格塞斯和国家安全顾问迈克尔·瓦尔兹也是如此。Why else am I suspicious? Because Trump keeps saying that all he wants to do is end “the killing” in Ukraine. I am with that. But the easiest and quickest way to end the killing would be for the side that started the killing, the side whose army invaded Ukraine for utterly fabricated reasons, to get out of Ukraine. Presto — killing over.我为什么还有疑虑呢？因为特朗普一直说，他想做的就是结束乌克兰的“杀戮”。我同意。但是，结束杀戮的最简单、最快捷的方法，是让发动杀戮的一方——也就是以完全捏造的理由入侵乌克兰的一方——撤出乌克兰。这样，杀戮就结束了。Putin needs to enlist Trump’s help only if he wants something more than an end to the killing. I get that Ukraine will have to cede something to Putin. The question is how much. I also get that the only way for Putin to get the extra-large slice that he wants and the postwar restrictions that he wants imposed on Ukraine — without more warfighting — is by enlisting Trump to get them for him.只有当普京想要的不仅仅是结束杀戮时，他才需要特朗普的帮助。我知道乌克兰将不得不向普京做出一些让步。问题是让步多少。我也明白，普京要想在不发动更多战争的情况下获得他渴望获得的超大份额，以及战后对乌克兰施加的限制，唯一的办法就是让特朗普来为他实现这些目标。Why else am I suspicious? Because Trump has left all our European allies on the sidelines when he negotiates with Putin. Excuse me, but our European allies have contributed billions of dollars in military equipment, economic aid and refugee assistance to Ukraine — more combined than the United States, which Trump lies about — and they have made clear that they are now ready to do even more to prevent Putin from overrunning Ukraine and coming for them next.我为什么还有疑虑呢？因为特朗普在与普京谈判时，把我们所有的欧洲盟友都抛在了一边。不好意思，但我们的欧洲盟友已经向乌克兰提供了数十亿美元的军事装备、经济援助和难民援助——加起来比特朗普谎称的美国援助数额还要多——他们已经明确表示，他们现在准备做更多事情，阻止普京占领乌克兰，然后再把目标对准他们。So why would Trump enter negotiations with Putin and not bring our best leverage — our allies — with him? And why would he visibly turn U.S. military and intelligence aid to Ukraine off and then on — after shamefully calling Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky “a dictator”?那么，特朗普为什么在与普京谈判的时候不带上我们最好的筹码——我们的盟友呢？在可耻地称乌克兰总统泽连斯基为“独裁者”之后，他为什么要如此明目张胆地停止美国对乌克兰的军事和情报援助，然后又重新开启？Sorry, that doesn’t smell right to me, either. What made Kissinger and Secretary of State James Baker particularly effective negotiators is that they knew how to leverage our allies to amplify U.S. power. Trump foolishly gives the back of his hand to our allies, while extending an open hand to Putin. That’s how you give up leverage.不好意思，我也觉得不太对劲。基辛格和国务卿詹姆斯·贝克之所以成为谈判高手，是因为他们知道如何利用盟友来放大美国的力量。特朗普愚蠢地拒绝盟友，却向普京示好。这就等于放弃筹码。Leveraging allies — the biggest asset that we have that Putin does not — “is what smart statecraft is all about,” Dennis Ross, the longtime Middle East adviser to U.S. presidents, told me.长期担任美国总统中东事务顾问的丹尼斯·罗斯告诉我，利用盟友——这是我们拥有而普京没有的最大资产——“就是聪明的治国之道”。“The key to good statecraft is knowing how to use the leverage that you have — how to marry your means to your objectives. The irony is that Trump believes in leverage — but has not used all the means that he has” in Ukraine, said Ross, the author of the timely, and just published, “Statecraft 2.0: What America Needs to Lead in a Multipolar World.”“治国之道的关键在于懂得如何运用你所拥有的手段——如何将手段与目标结合起来。讽刺的是，特朗普相信筹码的力量，但并没有在乌克兰问题上使用他所拥有的全部筹码，”著有《治国之道2.0——美国怎样才能在多极世界中发挥领导作用》(Statecraft 2.0: What America Needs to Lead in a Multipolar World)一书的罗斯说。What also smells wrong to me is that Trump appears to have no clue why Putin is so nice to him. As a Russian foreign policy analyst in Moscow put it to me recently: “Trump does not get that Putin is merely manipulating him to score Putin’s principal goal: diminish the U.S. international position, destroy its network of security alliances — most importantly in Europe — and destabilize the U.S. internally, thus making the world safe for Putin and Xi.”同样让我觉得不对劲的是，特朗普似乎不知道普京为什么对他这么好。正如莫斯科的一位俄罗斯外交政策分析家最近对我说的那样： “特朗普不明白，普京不过是在操纵他来实现普京的主要目标：削弱美国的国际地位，破坏美国的安全联盟网络——最重要的是在欧洲的网络——并且破坏美国内部的稳定，从而使世界对普京和习近平来说变得更安全。”Trump refuses to understand, this analyst added, that Putin and Chinese President Xi Jinping both want to see America boxed in to the Western Hemisphere rather than messing around with either of them in Europe or Asia/Pacific — and they see Trump as their pawn to deliver that.这位分析人士补充说，特朗普拒绝理解普京和中国国家主席习近平都希望看到美国被困在西半球，而不是在欧洲或亚太地区与中俄任何一方纠缠——他们将特朗普视为实现这一目标的棋子。Finally, and pretty much summing up all of the above, it smells to me that Trump has never made clear what concessions, sacrifices and guarantees he is demanding from Russia to get a peace deal on Ukraine. And who goes into a negotiation without a very clear, unwavering bottom line in terms of core American interests?最后，综上所述，我认为特朗普从来没有明确表示过他会要求俄罗斯做出什么样的让步、牺牲和保证，从而在乌克兰问题上达成和平协议。谁会在没有非常明确、坚定不移的美国核心利益底线的情况下进行谈判呢？There are sustainable ways to end a war and keep it ended and there are unsustainable ways. It all depends on the bottom line — and if our bottom line departs fundamentally from that of Ukraine’s and our allies’, I don’t think they are going to just roll over for the Trump-Putin bromance.要想结束战争并维系停战状态，有可持续的方式，也有不可持续的方式。这一切都取决于底线——如果我们的底线从根本上偏离了乌克兰和我们盟友的底线，我不认为他们会屈服于特朗普和普京的兄弟情。Putin wants a Ukraine with a government that is basically the same as his neighboring vassal Belarus, not a Ukraine that is independent like neighboring Poland — a free-market democracy anchored in the European Union.普京希望乌克兰政府与他的邻国白俄罗斯基本相同，成为附庸；而不是像邻国波兰那样独立，成为一个立足欧盟的自由市场民主国家。What kind of Ukraine does Trump want? The Belorussian version or the Polish version?特朗普想要一个什么样的乌克兰？更像白俄罗斯还是更像波兰？I have absolutely no doubt which one is in Ukraine’s interest, America’s interest and our European allies’ interest. The thing that gnaws at me is that I don’t know what Donald Trump thinks is in his personal interest — and that is all that matters now in Trump’s Washington.哪一种情况符合乌克兰的利益，哪一种情况符合美国的利益，哪一种情况符合我们欧洲盟国的利益，我绝对不存在怀疑。让我痛苦的是，我不知道特朗普认为哪一种情况符合他的个人利益——而这正是特朗普领导下的华盛顿目前最重要的事情。Until it’s clear that Trump’s bottom line is what should be America’s bottom line — no formal surrendering of Ukrainian territory to Putin, but simply a cease-fire; no membership for Ukraine in NATO, but membership in the European Union; and an international peacekeeping force on the ground, backed up with intelligence and material support from the U.S. — color me very, very skeptical of every word Trump and Putin say on Ukraine — including “and” and “the.”除非明确特朗普的底线就是美国的底线——不正式向普京交出乌克兰领土，只是停火；乌克兰不加入北约，但加入欧盟；在美国的情报和物质支持下，在当地部署国际维和部队——我还是会非常非常怀疑特朗普和普京就乌克兰问题所说的每一个字——就算他说的连词和冠词都不信。托马斯·L·弗里德曼(Thomas L. Friedman)是外交事务方面的专栏作者。他1981年加入时报，曾三次获得普利策奖。他著有七本书，包括赢得国家图书奖的《从贝鲁特到耶路撒冷》(From Beirut to Jerusalem)。欢迎在Twitter和Facebook上关注他。翻译：晋其角点击查看本文英文版。

Source: 特朗普能为乌克兰带来和平？一个字也别信

TP HCM tổ chức trình diễn kỷ lục 10.500 drone vào tối 30/4


Kỷ niệm 50 năm thống nhất đất nước v?  135 năm ng? y sinh Chủ tịch Hồ Chí Minh, TP HCM dự kiến tổ chức chương trình trình diễn 10.500 drone v? o tối 30/4, số lượng lớn nhất từng có tại Việt Nam.

Theo kế hoạch do Sở Văn hóa v?  Thể thao trình UBND TP HCM, chương trình bắn pháo hoa nghệ thuật sẽ diễn ra từ 21h đến 21h15 tại khoảng 30 điểm trên sông S? i Gòn, khu vực quận 1 v?  TP Thủ Đức. Đồng thời, 10.500 drone sẽ được huy động để tạo nên m? n trình diễn ấn tượng. Ban tổ chức cũng lập hồ sơ đề nghị xác lập kỷ lục Việt Nam về số lượng drone tham gia bay cùng lúc, vượt xa mức hơn 4.000 chiếc từng được thực hiện tại một số địa phương trước đây.

Bên cạnh đó, sự kiện "Ng? y hội thống nhất non sông" sẽ diễn ra tại phố đi bộ Nguyễn Huệ, khu vực sông S? i Gòn từ cầu Ba Son đến bến Nh?  Rồng, bắt đầu lúc 19h với h? ng loạt hoạt động biểu diễn nghệ thuật v?  thể thao dưới nước.

Ngo? i các chương trình chính, Sở Văn hóa v?  Thể thao đề xuất tổ chức nhiều sự kiện đồng h? nh như "Con đường Nhiếp ảnh TP HCM", ng? y chạy Olympic vì sức khỏe to? n dân với quy mô 4.000 người, cùng các m? n đồng diễn thể dục thể thao với sự tham gia của 1.400 người.

Trong tháng 4 v?  5, TP HCM còn tổ chức lễ hội sắc m? u v? o các tối 19, 26/4 v?  3, 10, 17, 24, 31/5. Sự kiện diễn ra từ 19h đến 21h30 tại quảng trường trước UBND TP, phố đi bộ Nguyễn Huệ v?  sông S? i Gòn. Hoạt động bao gồm trình diễn 1.000 - 2.000 drone, bắn pháo hoa nghệ thuật với kinh phí xã hội hóa.

Ngo? i ra, lễ hội còn mang đến nhiều chương trình đặc sắc như trình diễn nhạc giao hưởng, mapping ánh sáng 3D, ca múa nhạc nghệ thuật trên phố đi bộ, biểu diễn đờn ca t? i tử trên sông, diễu h? nh thuyền hoa đăng, thuyền buồm, cùng các m? n bay phản lực nước, lướt ván Flyboard, ván chèo v?  dù lượn, tạo nên không gian lễ hội sôi động.

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Source: TP HCM tổ chức trình diễn kỷ lục 10.500 drone vào tối 30/4

Passive investing movement gets its Hollywood moment

The film from Academy Award-winning documentarian Errol Morris had its New York premier on Thursday.
Source: Passive investing movement gets its Hollywood moment