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Author Topic: 如何计算外汇中的杠杆,保证金和点值 Leverage, Margin, and Pip Values  (Read 4789 times)

应输

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虽然大多数交易平台计算利润和损失,使用的保证金和可用保证金以及账户总数,但它有助于了解这些事情的计算方式,以便您可以计划交易并确定您的潜在利润或损失。

大多数外汇经纪商允许非常高的杠杆比率,或者换句话说,它具有非常低的保证金要求。这就是为什么外汇交易中的利润和亏损可能如此之大,尽管货币本身的实际价格并没有那么大的变化 - 当然不像股票。股票价格可以翻倍或翻三倍,或降至零;货币永远不会。由于货币价格没有大幅度变化,因此低得多的保证金要求的风险低于对股票的风险。

在2010年之前,大多数经纪商允许大量杠杆率,有时高达400:1,其中100美元的存款将允许交易者交易价值高达40,000美元的货币。此类杠杆比率有时仍由海外经纪人宣传。然而,在2010年,美国法规将这一比例限制在100:1。从那时起,即使经纪人位于另一个国家,美国客户的允许比率也进一步降低至50:1,因此拥有100美元存款的交易商只能交易价值高达5000美元的货币。换句话说,最低保证金要求设定为2%。限制杠杆比率的目的是限制风险。

外汇账户中的保证金通常被称为履约保证金,因为它不是借入的资金,而只是确保您可以弥补损失所需的权益金额。在大多数外汇交易中,实际上没有任何东西被买卖,只交换买卖协议,因此无需借款。因此,使用杠杆不收取任何利息。因此,如果您购买价值10万美元的货币,则您不需要存入2,000美元并购买98,000美元。 2000美元是为了弥补你的损失。因此,买入或卖出货币就像买入或卖出期货而非股票。

保证金要求不仅可以通过金钱来满足,还可以通过有利可图的未平仓头寸来满足。您账户中的权益是现金总额和未平仓头寸中未实现利润的金额减去未平仓头寸的损失。


您的总权益决定了您剩余的保证金,如果您有未平仓头寸,总市值将随着市场价格的变化而不断变化。 因此,使用100%的保证金进行交易是不明智的 - 否则,您可能需要追加保证金。 然而,在大多数情况下,经纪人只会关闭您最大的亏损头寸,直到所需的保证金恢复。

杠杆比率基于合约的名义价值,使用基础货币的价值,基础货币通常是本国货币。 对于美国交易者,基础货币是美元。 通常,仅引用杠杆,因为杠杆比率的分母始终为1.经纪商允许的杠杆数量决定了您必须维持的保证金金额。 杠杆率与保证金成反比,可以通过以下两个公式进行总结:

保证金= 1 /杠杆
示例:50:1的杠杆比率产生1/50 = 0.02 = 2%的保证金百分比。 10:1的比例产生1/10 = 0.1 = 10%。

杠杆= 1 /保证金= 100 /保证金百分比
示例:如果保证金为0.02,则保证金百分比为2%,杠杆率= 1 / 0.02 = 100/2 = 50。

保证金要求=当前价格×交易单位×保证金




应输

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Reply #1 on: May 09, 2019, 12:18:22 PM
点值

在大多数情况下,点数等于报价货币的0.01%,因此,10,000点= 1个货币单位。 美元,100点= 1便士,10,000点= 1美元。 一个众所周知的例外是日元(日元),其中一个点数值1日元,因为日元与其他货币相比价值不大。 由于大约120日元兑换1美元,因此美元的点差接近日元的点值。 (参见货币报价;点数;买/卖报价;交叉货币行情报价。)

由于货币对的报价货币是报价(因此,名称),因此点的价值以报价货币表示。 因此,例如,对于欧元/美元,点差等于0.0001美元,但对于美元/欧元,点差等于0.0001欧元。 如果欧元兑美元的兑换率为1.35,那么欧元点数= 0.000135美元。


将点数的利润和损失转换为本币

要以您的本国货币计算您的利润和损失,您必须将点值转换为您的本国货币。

当您平仓时,损益最初以报价货币的点值表示。要确定总利润或亏损,您必须将开盘价和收盘价之间的点差乘以交易的货币单位数。这产生了开仓和平仓交易之间的总点差。

如果点值为您的本机货币,则无需进一步计算以查找您的损益,但如果点值不是您的本机货币,则必须进行转换。有几种方法可以将您的利润或损失从报价货币转换为本国货币。如果您的货币报价中您的本国货币是基础货币,那么您将点值除以汇率;如果另一种货币是基础货币,那么您将点值乘以汇率。



然后单

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